nt-lite/code/user/personalities/posix/posix_thread.c

// posix_thread.c - pthread_create, pthread_join, pthread_exit, pthread_mutex_*
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ntlite/syscall.h>
#include "posix.h"

// Thread return-value table (PID-keyed like the fd table)
#define PTHREAD_TABLE_PIDS 32
#define PTHREAD_TABLE_SIZE 32

typedef struct {
    uint32_t Tid;
    void*    RetVal;
    bool     Used;
} PTHREAD_SLOT;

static PTHREAD_SLOT gPthreadTable[PTHREAD_TABLE_PIDS][PTHREAD_TABLE_SIZE];

static PTHREAD_SLOT* PthreadSlotAlloc(uint32_t pid, uint32_t tid) {
    PTHREAD_SLOT* table = gPthreadTable[pid % PTHREAD_TABLE_PIDS];
    for (int i = 0; i < PTHREAD_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
        if (!table[i].Used) {
            table[i] = (PTHREAD_SLOT){ tid, (void*)0, true };
            return &table[i];
        }
    }
    return (PTHREAD_SLOT*)0;
}

static PTHREAD_SLOT* PthreadSlotFind(uint32_t pid, uint32_t tid) {
    PTHREAD_SLOT* table = gPthreadTable[pid % PTHREAD_TABLE_PIDS];
    for (int i = 0; i < PTHREAD_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
        if (table[i].Used && table[i].Tid == tid)
            return &table[i];
    return (PTHREAD_SLOT*)0;
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Trampoline - this is what actually runs as the new thread
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef struct {
    void* (*Fn)(void*);
    void*    Arg;
    uint32_t Pid;   // owner pid, for the retval table
} PTHREAD_TRAMP;

static void PthreadTrampoline(uintptr_t raw) {
    PTHREAD_TRAMP* tr = (PTHREAD_TRAMP*)raw;
    void* (*fn)(void*) = tr->Fn;
    void*    arg       = tr->Arg;
    uint32_t pid       = tr->Pid;
    uint32_t tid       = SysGetCurrentTid();

    // Create the join slot from inside the new thread. KeCreateThread makes the
    // thread runnable before the creator regains control, so the old design
    // raced on tr->Tid and could observe zero/stale memory.
    PTHREAD_SLOT* slot = PthreadSlotFind(pid, tid);
    if (!slot) slot = PthreadSlotAlloc(pid, tid);

    free(tr);

    void* retval = fn(arg);

    // Store retval for pthread_join.
    if (slot) slot->RetVal = retval;

    SysExitThread(0);
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// pthread API
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_create(pthread_t* t, const pthread_attr_t* attr,
                   void* (*fn)(void*), void* arg) {
    (void)attr;

    uint32_t pid = SysGetCurrentPid();

    PTHREAD_TRAMP* tr = (PTHREAD_TRAMP*)malloc(sizeof(PTHREAD_TRAMP));
    if (!tr) return ENOMEM;
    tr->Fn  = fn;
    tr->Arg = arg;
    tr->Pid = pid;

    uint32_t tid = 0;
    uint32_t s = SysCreateThread((uint64_t)PthreadTrampoline,
                                  (uint64_t)tr, 1 /*PriorityNormal*/, &tid);
    if (s != 0) {
        free(tr);
        return EAGAIN;
    }
    // The trampoline allocates the retval slot itself after it knows its real
    // TID, avoiding the creator/new-thread race.
    if (t) t->Tid = tid;
    return 0;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_join(pthread_t t, void** retval) {
    uint32_t pid = SysGetCurrentPid();
    uint32_t s = SysWaitThread(t.Tid);
    // STATUS_NOT_FOUND (0x22) means already dead - treat as success
    if (s != 0 && s != 0x0022) return ESRCH;

    PTHREAD_SLOT* slot = PthreadSlotFind(pid, t.Tid);
    if (retval) *retval = slot ? slot->RetVal : (void*)0;
    if (slot) slot->Used = false;
    return 0;
}

__declspec(dllexport) void pthread_exit(void* retval) {
    uint32_t pid = SysGetCurrentPid();
    uint32_t tid = SysGetCurrentTid();
    PTHREAD_SLOT* slot = PthreadSlotFind(pid, tid);
    if (slot) slot->RetVal = retval;
    SysExitThread(0);
    while (1);   // unreachable
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t* m, const pthread_mutexattr_t* attr) {
    (void)attr;
    uint32_t h;
    uint32_t s = SysMutexCreate(&h);
    if (s != 0) return ENOMEM;
    m->Handle = h;
    return 0;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t* m) {
    SysCloseHandle(m->Handle);
    m->Handle = 0;
    return 0;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t* m) {
    uint32_t s = SysMutexAcquire(m->Handle);
    return s == 0 ? 0 : EINVAL;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t* m) {
    uint32_t s = SysMutexTryAcquire(m->Handle);
    return s == 0 ? 0 : EAGAIN;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t* m) {
    uint32_t s = SysMutexRelease(m->Handle);
    return s == 0 ? 0 : EINVAL;
}